[PIP] fatal error: Python.h: No such file or director 오류 해결 방법 (centos)

PyHive 모듈을 테스트하려고 sasl 모듈을 설치하는데 아래와 같은 오류가 발생했다.

이런 이유가 나는건 Python 라이브러리중 일부는 직접 빌드를 해야하기 때문에 gcc 같은 컴파일도구가 존재해야 하거나, 의존된 c 라이브러리가 있어야 설치되는 경우가 종종 있다. 하지만 여기서 나온 에러는 python devel 패키지가 없기 때문이고 이를 설치해주면 된다.

fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory

$ pip install sasl==0.3.1
Collecting sasl==0.3.1
  Using cached sasl-0.3.1.tar.gz (44 kB)
  Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... done
Requirement already satisfied: six in ./py-hive/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from sasl==0.3.1) (1.16.0)
Building wheels for collected packages: sasl
  Building wheel for sasl (setup.py) ... error
  ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
   command: /home1/myUser/py-hive/bin/python -u -c 'import io, os, sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-0yqvuy_k/sasl_0dee682dd3f84d7298d4ddffd1ca76c5/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-0yqvuy_k/sasl_0dee682dd3f84d7298d4ddffd1ca76c5/setup.py'"'"';f = getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__) if os.path.exists(__file__) else io.StringIO('"'"'from setuptools import setup; setup()'"'"');code = f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' bdist_wheel -d /tmp/pip-wheel-rwlfxx4j
       cwd: /tmp/pip-install-0yqvuy_k/sasl_0dee682dd3f84d7298d4ddffd1ca76c5/
  Complete output (29 lines):
  running bdist_wheel
  running build
  running build_py
  creating build
  creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6
  creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.6/sasl
  ...생략....
  creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6/sasl
  gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fwrapv -fPIC -Isasl -I/home1/myUser/py-hive/include -I/usr/include/python3.6m -c sasl/saslwrapper.cpp -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6/sasl/saslwrapper.o
  sasl/saslwrapper.cpp:4:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
   #include "Python.h"
                      ^
  compilation terminated.
  error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
  ----------------------------------------
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for sasl
  Running setup.py clean for sasl
Failed to build sasl
Installing collected packages: sasl
    Running setup.py install for sasl ... error
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: /home1/myUser/py-hive/bin/python -u -c 'import io, os, sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-0yqvuy_k/sasl_0dee682dd3f84d7298d4ddffd1ca76c5/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-0yqvuy_k/sasl_0dee682dd3f84d7298d4ddffd1ca76c5/setup.py'"'"';f = getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__) if os.path.exists(__file__) else io.StringIO('"'"'from setuptools import setup; setup()'"'"');code = f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-9aolrkek/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /home1/myUser/py-hive/include/site/python3.6/sasl
         cwd: /tmp/pip-install-0yqvuy_k/sasl_0dee682dd3f84d7298d4ddffd1ca76c5/
    Complete output (31 lines):
    running install
    ...생략...
    gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fwrapv -fPIC -Isasl -I/home1/myHome/py-hive/include -I/usr/include/python3.6m -c sasl/saslwrapper.cpp -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.6/sasl/saslwrapper.o
    sasl/saslwrapper.cpp:4:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
     #include "Python.h"
                        ^
    compilation terminated.
    error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /home1/myHome/py-hive/bin/python -u -c 'import io, os, sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-0yqvuy_k/sasl_0dee682dd3f84d7298d4ddffd1ca76c5/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-0yqvuy_k/sasl_0dee682dd3f84d7298d4ddffd1ca76c5/setup.py'"'"';f = getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__) if os.path.exists(__file__) else io.StringIO('"'"'from setuptools import setup; setup()'"'"');code = f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-9aolrkek/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /home1/myHome/py-hive/include/site/python3.6/sasl Check the logs for full command output.

 

해결방법

python의 버전에 따라 아래와 같이 yum 을 통해 설치하면 해결된다.

나는 python3 버전에서 설치중이었기 때문에 python3-devel 을 설치후 빌드가 성공적으로 끝나고 해당 라이브러리 설치가 정상적으로 완료되었다.

# python 2.x 일 경우
sudo yum install python-devel   

# python 3.x 일 경우
sudo yum install python3-devel